What is the Leaving Certificate?
The Leaving Certificate (also called the Leaving Cert or LC) is the final examination in the Irish secondary school system. Students typically sit the exam at the end of their two-year senior cycle (5th and 6th year), usually at age 17–19. The results determine entry into universities, institutes of technology and other third-level institutions across Ireland and the EU.
Exam Levels
Three levels are available for most subjects:
- Higher Level (HL) — The most challenging level. Rewarded with the highest CAO points (up to 100 per subject). Required for many competitive university courses.
- Ordinary Level (OL) — A mid-level paper. Maximum 56 CAO points. Suitable for students who do not need the highest points.
- Foundation Level (FL) — Available in English, Irish and Mathematics only. Not counted for CAO points but provides a valuable qualification.
Exam Structure
Students usually take 7 subjects (6 minimum). The exam period runs from early June to late June, with approximately 3–4 weeks of written exams. Oral and practical exams (Irish, French, German, Spanish, Music, etc.) take place in the weeks before the written exams, typically March–May.
Core Subjects
Most schools require students to take:
- Irish (unless exempt)
- English
- Mathematics
- A modern European language (French, German, Spanish or Italian)
- Three or four additional chosen subjects
Leaving Cert Applied (LCA)
The Leaving Certificate Applied is a separate, more practical programme focused on preparing students for adult and working life. It does not earn CAO points but leads to a Distinction, Merit or Pass award.
Key Dates
- February: CAO application deadline (normal) — €30 fee
- May: CAO change of mind deadline (1 July)
- March–May: Oral and practical exams
- First Wednesday in June: Written exams begin
- Late June: Written exams conclude
- Late August: Results day (mid-August typically)
- September: CAO Round One offers
Quick Facts
- Run by the State Examinations Commission (SEC)
- Over 60,000 students sit the Leaving Cert each year
- Exam papers are marked externally by examiners appointed by the SEC
- Results are issued as individual subject grades (H1–H8, O1–O8, F1–F8)
- Graded on a percentage basis with a national standardisation process